CHAPTER II
BASIC THEORY OF COMPRESSOR
2.1 Definition of compressor
Compressor is mechanical equipment used to compressgas or air, therefore the gas or the air has the preasure over is rated value until some limit is reached. In any compression process, the preasure level of volume of gas is increased from one preasure level toanother. This is acomplished by the addition of a from of energy to the gas being process.
The result of compressor are :
· High air preasure, used for :
o Instrumental mover
o Power toll mover
o Process of oxigen/N2 plant
· High gas preasure, used for :
o Oil well injection
o Process of CNG, LPG, LNG plant
In the market, there are many kinds of compressor with diferential movers :
a. Electric motor
b. Diesel or Gas engine
c. Gas turbine
d. Steam turbin
2.2 Clasification of compressor
Based on giving the energy to gas / air, compressor is divided into two groups :
a. Positive displacement compressor
b. Non positive displacement / Dinamic compressor
2.2.1 Positive displacement compressor
The basic principle of this compressor is reducing the volume of scured space to increase the preasure of gas.
This compressor is divided into :
o Reciprocating compressor : increase the preasure of air or gas by doing translation motion.
o Rotary compressor : increase the preasure of air or gas by doing rotary motion.
1. Sliding van compressor
2. Lobe compressor
3. Screw compressor
2.2.2 Dynamic compressor
The basic principle of this compressor is coverting the gas velocity energy that is generated by impeller action to become dynamic energy.
Based on the flow in the compressor, this compressor is devided into :
o Axial flow
The gas flow in the compressoris parallel with the shaft axis
o Radial flow
The gas flow in the compressor is upright the shaft axis
The clasification of compressor is completely shown in the diagram below
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